许多机器学习问题在表格域中使用数据。对抗性示例可能对这些应用尤其有害。然而，现有关于对抗鲁棒性的作品主要集中在图像和文本域中的机器学习模型。我们认为，由于表格数据和图像或文本之间的差异，现有的威胁模型不适合表格域。这些模型没有捕获该成本比不可识别更重要，也不能使对手可以将不同的价值归因于通过部署不同的对手示例获得的效用。我们表明，由于这些差异，用于图像的攻击和防御方法和文本无法直接应用于表格设置。我们通过提出新的成本和公用事业感知的威胁模型来解决这些问题，该模型量身定制了针对表格域的攻击者的攻击者的约束。我们介绍了一个框架，使我们能够设计攻击和防御机制，从而导致模型免受成本或公用事业意识的对手的影响，例如，受到一定美元预算约束的对手。我们表明，我们的方法在与对应于对抗性示例具有经济和社会影响的应用相对应的三个表格数据集中有效。

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are important tools to model physical systems, and including them into machine learning models is an important way of incorporating physical knowledge. Given any system of linear PDEs with constant coefficients, we propose a family of Gaussian process (GP) priors, which we call EPGP, such that all realizations are exact solutions of this system. We apply the Ehrenpreis-Palamodov fundamental principle, which works like a non-linear Fourier transform, to construct GP kernels mirroring standard spectral methods for GPs. Our approach can infer probable solutions of linear PDE systems from any data such as noisy measurements, or initial and boundary conditions. Constructing EPGP-priors is algorithmic, generally applicable, and comes with a sparse version (S-EPGP) that learns the relevant spectral frequencies and works better for big data sets. We demonstrate our approach on three families of systems of PDE, the heat equation, wave equation, and Maxwell's equations, where we improve upon the state of the art in computation time and precision, in some experiments by several orders of magnitude.

The unfolding of detector effects is crucial for the comparison of data to theory predictions. While traditional methods are limited to representing the data in a low number of dimensions, machine learning has enabled new unfolding techniques while retaining the full dimensionality. Generative networks like invertible neural networks~(INN) enable a probabilistic unfolding, which map individual events to their corresponding unfolded probability distribution. The accuracy of such methods is however limited by how well simulated training samples model the actual data that is unfolded. We introduce the iterative conditional INN~(IcINN) for unfolding that adjusts for deviations between simulated training samples and data. The IcINN unfolding is first validated on toy data and then applied to pseudo-data for the $pp \to Z \gamma \gamma$ process.

This paper describes the 5th edition of the Predicting Video Memorability Task as part of MediaEval2022. This year we have reorganised and simplified the task in order to lubricate a greater depth of inquiry. Similar to last year, two datasets are provided in order to facilitate generalisation, however, this year we have replaced the TRECVid2019 Video-to-Text dataset with the VideoMem dataset in order to remedy underlying data quality issues, and to prioritise short-term memorability prediction by elevating the Memento10k dataset as the primary dataset. Additionally, a fully fledged electroencephalography (EEG)-based prediction sub-task is introduced. In this paper, we outline the core facets of the task and its constituent sub-tasks; describing the datasets, evaluation metrics, and requirements for participant submissions.

The Predicting Media Memorability task in the MediaEval evaluation campaign has been running annually since 2018 and several different tasks and data sets have been used in this time. This has allowed us to compare the performance of many memorability prediction techniques on the same data and in a reproducible way and to refine and improve on those techniques. The resources created to compute media memorability are now being used by researchers well beyond the actual evaluation campaign. In this paper we present a summary of the task, including the collective lessons we have learned for the research community.

With most technical fields, there exists a delay between fundamental academic research and practical industrial uptake. Whilst some sciences have robust and well-established processes for commercialisation, such as the pharmaceutical practice of regimented drug trials, other fields face transitory periods in which fundamental academic advancements diffuse gradually into the space of commerce and industry. For the still relatively young field of Automated/Autonomous Machine Learning (AutoML/AutonoML), that transitory period is under way, spurred on by a burgeoning interest from broader society. Yet, to date, little research has been undertaken to assess the current state of this dissemination and its uptake. Thus, this review makes two primary contributions to knowledge around this topic. Firstly, it provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive survey of existing AutoML tools, both open-source and commercial. Secondly, it motivates and outlines a framework for assessing whether an AutoML solution designed for real-world application is 'performant'; this framework extends beyond the limitations of typical academic criteria, considering a variety of stakeholder needs and the human-computer interactions required to service them. Thus, additionally supported by an extensive assessment and comparison of academic and commercial case-studies, this review evaluates mainstream engagement with AutoML in the early 2020s, identifying obstacles and opportunities for accelerating future uptake.

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) methods are appealing in the offline setting because they allow an agent to reason about the consequences of actions without interacting with the environment. Prior methods learn a 1-step dynamics model, which predicts the next state given the current state and action. These models do not immediately tell the agent which actions to take, but must be integrated into a larger RL framework. Can we model the environment dynamics in a different way, such that the learned model does directly indicate the value of each action? In this paper, we propose Contrastive Value Learning (CVL), which learns an implicit, multi-step model of the environment dynamics. This model can be learned without access to reward functions, but nonetheless can be used to directly estimate the value of each action, without requiring any TD learning. Because this model represents the multi-step transitions implicitly, it avoids having to predict high-dimensional observations and thus scales to high-dimensional tasks. Our experiments demonstrate that CVL outperforms prior offline RL methods on complex continuous control benchmarks.

归纳逻辑编程是基于数学逻辑的机器学习形式，该数学逻辑从给定的示例和背景知识中生成逻辑程序。在此项目中，我们扩展了Popper ILP系统以利用多任务学习。我们实施最新方法和几种新策略来提高搜索性能。此外，我们引入了约束保存，该技术可改善所有方法的整体性能。约束保存使系统可以在背景知识集的更新之间传输知识。因此，我们减少了系统执行的重复工作量。此外，约束保存使我们能够从当前的最新迭代加深搜索方法过渡到更有效的广度首次搜索方法。最后，我们尝试了课程学习技术，并显示了它们对该领域的潜在好处。

自动估计读者文本的复杂性具有多种应用程序，例如向语言学习者推荐具有适当复杂性的文本或支持文本简化方法的评估。在本文中，我们介绍了2022年文本复杂性的提交，这是一项回归任务，目的是预测B级的德国学习者对德国学习者的复杂性德国Wikipedia和其他Corpora训练基于变压器的模型，并避免任何功能工程或任何其他标记的数据。我们发现，基于伪标签的方法给出了令人印象深刻的结果，但几乎不需要对特定任务进行调整，因此很容易适应其他域和任务。

结肠镜检查被广泛认为是早期检测结直肠癌（CRC）的金标准程序。分割对于两种重要的临床应用，即病变检测和分类很有价值，提供了提高准确性和鲁棒性的手段。结肠镜检查中息肉的手动分割是耗时的。结果，使用深度学习（DL）进行息肉的自动化已经变得很重要。但是，基于DL的解决方案可能容易受到过度拟合的影响，因此无法推广到不同结肠镜捕获的图像。最新的基于变压器的语义分割的体系结构既实现更高的性能又比替代方案更好，但是通常可以预测$ \ frac {h} {4} \ times \ times \ frac {w} {4} {4} $ apatial dimensions的分割图h \ times w $输入图像。为此，我们提出了一种用于全尺寸分割的新体系结构，该结构利用了变压器在主要分支中提取最重要的特征的优势，同时用二级全卷积分支全面预测其限制了其局限性。然后将两个分支的最终功能融合，以最终预测$ h \ times w $分段地图。我们在KVASIR-SEG和CVC-ClinicDB数据集基准上都证明了我们方法相对于MDICE，MIOU，MPRECISION和MRECALL METICS的最先进性能。此外，我们在每个数据集上训练模型，并对另一个数据集进行评估以证明其出色的概括性能。